Divalent metal release and antimicrobial effects of layered double hydroxides

Resistance to antimicrobial agents is responsible for major social and economic losses. The World Health Organization estimated 700,000 global deaths a year due resistance. use of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as antibacterial materials could present way reduce the risk bacterial infections resistance, by partial release metallic ions in aqueous dispersion. dissolution different synthetic LDHs MII-AlIII (M = Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mg) was studied Lysogeny Broth (LB) Tryptic Soy (TSB), growth media Escherichia coli (E. coli) Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, respectively. influence several parameters (crystallinity, MII:AlIII ratio, type intercalated anion {CO32?, Cl?, NO3?, ClO4?} nature MII cations) investigated. In absence any post-synthetic hydrothermal treatment, ZnII-AlIII LDH showed ZnII 6 times enhanced. Upon increasing ZnII:AlIII molar ratio 3: 1 exchanging carbonate anions with other having lower intercalating affinities, similar effect observed. properties were correlated thermodynamic stability their MII(OH)2 hydroxide counterparts exception CuII-based LDH, which an amplified CuII its irregular structure presenting defects. Finally, activity only noted LDHs. linked first place divalent metal itself, amount released into culture second place. This more easily identified whose minimum inhibitory concentration decreased significantly from 12 0.375 mg.mL?1 when higher amounts released.